Abstract:
The study aims to identify the level of psychological and social adaptation, and its relationship to the feeling of psychological loneliness and pessimism among the released prisoners who were subjected to solitary confinement in the prisons of the Israeli occupation in Ramallah and Al-Bireh governorate, and the differences in each of them according to variables: Gender, age, marital status, and how long the prisoner has been in solitary confinement. The study adopted the descriptive relational approach, through the application of measures: psychological and social adaptation, psychological loneliness, pessimism, on an available sample of (100) liberated prisoners who were subjected to the experience of solitary confinement inside the prisons of the Israeli occupation in Ramallah and Al-Bireh governorate in the year 2021/2022.
The results showed that the level of psychological and social adaptation came in average, where the field of social adaptation came in first place with a high rating, while the field of psychological adaptation came in last place with an average rating, and the results also showed that the level of psychological loneliness was average, and came predominantly feeling lonely first, while the results came to feel friendly and loving from others finally, and the results also showed that the level of pessimism came average, where I always tended to be pessimistic under the measures of the occupation Arbitrary against Palestinians first, while I came to see that I have no value in this life at last, and the results indicated that there is a statistically significant correlation between the three variables of the study, and thus the condition of testing the model was achieved in the existence of a path between psychosocial adaptation and psychological loneliness, and the existence of a path between psychosocial adaptation and pessimism, and the existence of a path between psychological loneliness and pessimism.
The value of influencing the feeling of psychological loneliness came directly to pessimism (953.) , this shows that the intermediate variable contributed to reducing the relationship between psychological loneliness over pessimism. Based on these findings, it can be argued that the effect differs from zero in the presence of the intermediate variable, and therefore the intermediate variable (psychosocial adaptation) is a partial mediator of the relationship between the independent variable (psychological loneliness) and the dependent variable (pessimism).
