The image of Jerusalem in Arabic and Hebrew poetry from pre-Islamic times until 1967

Abstract

This study reveals the reflection of the image of the city of Jerusalem in Arabic and Hebrew poetry, from ancient times until 1967, showing the status of Jerusalem among Arab and Hebrew poets, through the poetic and prose texts that were accompanying us in this study. This study attempts to reflect the image of Jerusalem in Arabic and Hebrew poetic texts, since pre-Islamic times, through the Middle Ages, and the Crusades in particular, through the Mandate era, and ending with the occupation of western Jerusalem in 1948, and its complete occupation in 1967. This study will attempt to answer the differences between the vision of the Arab poets and the Hebrew poets, revealing the aspects that contributed to feeding the nationalistic and ideological motives on both sides. The study was crowned with a preface on the Noble Jerusalem, and the status and prestige of this holy city in the human and global conscience, containing three main chapters, so the first chapter, consisting of four sections, reflecting and indicating the position of Jerusalem in the Islamic, Christian and Jewish conscience, mentioning the various names of Jerusalem. As for the second chapter entitled: "The Image of Jerusalem in Arabic and Hebrew Poetry, from the Crusades, until 1948", it came with ten sections, which were as follows: - The Crusades and the occupation of Jerusalem. - The image of Jerusalem in Arabic poetry during the Crusades. - The Image of Jerusalem in the Ancient Hebrew/Jewish Thought. - The image of Jerusalem in medieval Hebrew poetry. - The image of Jerusalem in Arabic poetry during the Mandate period. - Poetry in the face of assignment. - Poetry against Zionism. - The image of Jerusalem in Hebrew poetry until 1948. - The image of Jerusalem in modern Hebrew poetry, until 1948. - The Biblical Impact on Mahmoud Darwish's Poetry. - The impact of Yehuda Halevy on the Hebrew poets in the modern era. The third chapter was crowned and marked with the title: "The Image of Jerusalem after the Palestinian Nakba", and it contained four main sections, which were included as follows: - The Palestinian Nakba and its reflection in Arabic poetry. - The scene of Jerusalem and the nostalgia for it in Arabic poetry. - The image of Jerusalem in Hebrew poetry after the Nakba. - The image of Jerusalem in the poetry of Yehuda Amichai. Through this study, we will follow the motives that were a certain and a certain, of Arab poets, and Hebrew poets, in terms of adherence to the religious heritage of the Hebrew poets in particular, who drew these motives, and the ember of adherence to Jerusalem, and the nostalgia for them, and the nostalgia for them from Ages pass. On the other hand, this study will attempt to reveal the religious and nationalistic motives of Arab and Muslim poets, in relation to the scene of Jerusalem in their poems, clarifying and comparing the vision of Arabs and Muslims on the one hand, and the vision of the Hebrew poets on the other hand. This study will attempt to answer the following questions: - How is the image of Jerusalem reflected in the Arab, Islamic, Christian, and Jewish conscience in ancient and medieval times? - How did the Hebrew poets view the city of Jerusalem since the pre-Islamic era and the Middle Ages? - How did Arab poets view the city of Jerusalem when it was occupied in the Crusades? - How did the Arab poets view the city of Jerusalem after its liberation from the Crusaders? - How did the Arab poets view the city of Jerusalem during the Mandate era? - How did the Arab poets view the city of Jerusalem after occupying the western part of it, and its complete occupation? - How did the Hebrew poets view the city of Jerusalem in the modern era? - How did the Hebrew poets view the city of Jerusalem when occupying the western part of it?