"Security Awareness and Its Relationship to Professional Competence and Ego Strength Among Employees of the Palestinian Security Institution: A Proposed Counseling Program"

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the level of security awareness among employees in the Palestinian security institution and to analyze its relationship with both professional competence and ego strength. Additionally, the study proposed a counseling program based on reality therapy to enhance these critical psychological and professional variables. A mixed-method approach was adopted, combining quantitative and qualitative methodologies to provide a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon under investigation. In the quantitative phase, standardized measurement tools were administered to a sample of 373 employees selected through cluster random sampling. The study measured levels of security awareness, professional competence, and ego strength. In the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine security personnel, guided by seven open-ended questions designed to explore personal perceptions and professional experiences related to the study variables. he quantitative results revealed high levels of security awareness (M = 4.24, 84.8%), professional competence (M = 4.27, 85.4%), and ego strength (M = 4.09, 81.8%). Statistical analyses indicated significant correlations between security awareness and professional competence, between security awareness and ego strength, and between professional competence and ego strength. Furthermore, professional competence was identified as a mediating variable in the relationship between security awareness and ego strength. The findings also showed a direct statistical effect of security awareness on professional competence, and of national affiliation on ego strength. The qualitative findings underscored the urgent need for comprehensive counseling interventions. Analysis of the interviews revealed that 89% of participants emphasized the importance of continuous training and integrated counseling programs to enhance professional and psychological resilience. Based on both quantitative and qualitative results, the study proposed a counseling program grounded in reality therapy, aimed at improving professional competence and strengthening ego among employees in the Palestinian security institution. The study recommended that relevant authorities adopt and implement the proposed program for the target population, given its potential positive impact on professional performance and psychological stability in this vital sector.