Social and Psychological Problems Resulting from Autism Among a Sample of Mothers in Ramallah and Al-Bireh Governorate and Ways to Overcome Them

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the Social and Psychological problems resulting from autism among a sample of mothers in Ramallah and Al-Bireh governorate and ways to overcome them by achieving the following objectives: identifying the social problems experienced by mothers of autistic children, recognizing the psychological problems they encounter, and uncovering ways to overcome these issues. The study employed a qualitative approach based on structured, in-depth interviews with a purposive sample consisting of ten mothers of autistic children. The findings revealed that the most prominent social problems included weak marital relationships, lack of cooperation from spouses, inadequate social support from extended family and surrounding community, social rejection by neighbors and the general community, difficulty integrating children into educational institutions, and low community awareness regarding autism spectrum disorder. Significant psychological problems identified were persistent anxiety and tension, psychological and physical exhaustion, feelings of guilt, and self-blame, primarily due to the considerable stress associated with the child's unpredictable behaviors and concerns regarding their future. The study also highlighted additional challenges faced by mothers, including substantial financial burdens to provide necessary healthcare and educational services for their children, along with a noticeable deficiency in the role of civil society organizations and governmental bodies in delivering appropriate support to families of autistic children. The study yielded several recommendations, most notably: the necessity of implementing specialized educational and rehabilitation programs for mothers of children with autism aimed at developing their skills in managing autism spectrum disorder; providing an integrated psychological and social support system under professional supervision to enhance their psychological and social well-being; and strengthening the role of educational institutions in adopting comprehensive inclusion strategies for autistic children while activating protective mechanisms against bullying.