https://dspace.qou.edu/handle/194/2876 2025-12-16T21:08:17Z 2025-12-16T21:08:17Z https://dspace.qou.edu/handle/194/2919 2025-08-26T10:00:48Z 2025-04-22T00:00:00Z

Title: Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962 and its repercussions on relationship between the USA and the Soviet Union. Abstract: The researcher's goal of the study is to learn about the American-Soviet relationship during the missiles' crisis in Cuba and analyze the impact of these missiles on the relationship between the bipolar (Alqutban). Consequently, the researcher used historical analytical method and the prescribed systems curriculum, where he reviewed the literature in the scientific books, articles, diaries and political documents to document time period, using available search engines like office visits to an access the greatest amount of information related to the time period. The world (global) is still remembered that time period of tension which lasts 13 days of talks between the bipolar (Alqutban). After reviews, the researcher reached out the conclusions that the Cold War was a period of global rivalry between the bipolar and had a number of causes like the German Crisis and the ideological differences. Both the western polar headed by American president John Kennedy and the eastern polar headed by the Soviet Union president Nikita - Khrushchev the wisdom and restraint in negotiations management. The result of negotiation is dismantling the missile platform in Cuba. On the other hand, dismantling the American platform in Italy and Turkey. There was a guaranine of not invading Cuba or directing military strikes. Finally, the researcher sees the importance of providing special documents between the bipolar.

2025-04-22T00:00:00Z Dar Asi, Marwa Suleiman Abd Hodali, Dr. Imad Saba Abdallah https://dspace.qou.edu/handle/194/2918 2025-08-26T09:54:13Z 2025-05-28T00:00:00Z

Title: Identity as a determinant of Palestinian foreign policy under the Palestinian National Authority Authors: Dar Asi, Marwa Suleiman Abd; Hodali, Dr. Imad Saba Abdallah Abstract: This study aims to analyze the role of Palestinian national identity in shaping and directing Palestinian foreign policy since the establishment of the Palestinian National Authority. It sheds light on the extent to which historical, cultural, and political factors have influenced the Authority's positions on the international stage. Additionally, it examines the relationship between national identity and Palestinian diplomatic decision-making. The study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach to assess the impact of Palestinian national identity on foreign policy, alongside a historical method to trace the evolution of national identity and its connection to external political stances. A comparative method was also employed to examine changes in Palestinian foreign policy across different stages of its development. The findings indicate that identity plays a pivotal role in guiding Palestinian foreign policy, serving as one of the key elements in shaping political and diplomatic discourse. Palestinian foreign policy has been influenced by multiple factors, including internal divisions and regional and international developments. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that despite political challenges, the Palestinian National Authority has maintained a diplomatic course aimed at securing international recognition of the State of Palestine, drawing on elements of national identity to strengthen its international standing.

2025-05-28T00:00:00Z https://dspace.qou.edu/handle/194/2917 2025-08-26T09:48:40Z 2025-05-24T00:00:00Z

Title: NATO military intervention in Libya between 2011-2024 Abstract: This study examines NATO's military intervention in Libya، from the decision to intervene، through the military operations، and finally to its conclusion. It also discusses the debate over the legitimacy of intervention in developing countries. The study aims to investigate Libya's internal situation، which led to the outbreak of the Arab Spring، examine Security Council resolutions 1970 and 1973، and examine the reasons for the military intervention and its consequences for Libya and the Arab world. The study relies on descriptive، analytical، historical، and prospective approaches. The study concluded that Libya bears the seeds of historical political division. Libya's internal situation and the Gaddafi regime's policies، along with the major powers' desire to end any hostile regimes، and their greed for Libyan oil and gas، are all reasons for military intervention in Libya، which occurred under the overt pretext of the principle of protection. The Security Council issued Resolutions 1970 and 1973، as the Council stated، to protect the people from the violence of the Libyan regime. France and Britain began implementing this resolution، and NATO subsequently assumed this mission، while the alliance and other countries did not intervene in other cases. Among the effects of NATO's intervention are political instability، the collapse of the Libyan army، and the deterioration of the oil sector. The current divisions in Libya are due to conflicting Libyan interests، as well as the presence of regional and international allies with interests in the continuation and perpetuation of the division. The study recommended that Arab countries build effective states based on full citizenship، improve the relationship of their political systems with their citizens، agree on a clear definition of international humanitarian intervention، define the term international protection، and more clearly define implementation procedures. The study also recommended that the national interest be prioritized. The Libyan people should not be subject to any personal interest، with the Libyan parties sitting at the negotiating table to agree to begin implementing previous agreements to establish a new political system that unites Libyans and fulfills their political، economic، and social aspirations. This should include implementing joint Arab defense agreements، ensuring that intervention does not lead to the destruction of that country's institutions، and expanding Security Council membership to include countries from the Global South.

2025-05-24T00:00:00Z